Chapter 9:Transport in Plant and Human Body

1. What is the function of the transport system in living beings?

2. In unicellular organisms, what is the common method of transport?

3. In which blood vessels does blood flow under the highest pressure?

4. In humans, the transportation of food materials occurs through?

5. Consider the following statements:
1. In plants, transport is performed by xylem and phloem.
2. Xylem transports water and minerals upward.
Which of the above is/are correct?

6. In plants, transport of food occurs through which tissue?

7. In which group of plants are vascular tissues not found?

8. Which process is responsible for the uptake of water in plants?

9. Movement of food in plants from leaves to storage organs is called?

10. In animals, the direction of water transport is?

11. What is the direction of food transport in phloem?

12. Consider the following statements about plant transport system
"phloem":
1. It is made of living cells.
2. It transports food made in leaves.
3. It transports food upward and downward.
Which of the above is/are correct?

13. Which component of soil helps most in water absorption?

14. Which types of water in soil are absorbed by roots?

15. Water that enters roots by diffusion is called?

16. Roots absorb water efficiently when—

17. Consider the following:
1. Transport in plants is done by xylem and phloem.
2. Water-transporting tissues play no role in transpiration.
Which statements are correct?

18. Transport of minerals and nutrients from one part of the plant to another
occurs by—

19. How does water move through xylem vessels in plants?

20. Cut flowers remain fresh for a long time in water because—

21. Water and minerals reach leaves from roots through—

22. What is the process of water vapor release from plant surfaces called?

23. A tree absorbs water equal to how many times its own weight during its
lifetime?

24. The main tissue involved in plant transpiration is?

25. Most transpiration in plants occurs through—

26. Which of the following is not an important factor for transpiration?

27. What causes the opening and closing of stomata?

28. When does transpiration stop in desert plants?

29. Why is transpiration important for plants?

30. In which of the following plants is no color found?

31. The transpiration process in plants helps reduce which of the following?

32. What percentage of absorbed water is used by plants?

33–34. Consider the following statements:
1. In plants, transpiration helps in the regulation of water.
2. Water and mineral transport in plants involves transpiration.
Which is/are correct?

35. From which tissue are root hairs formed?

36. When is root pressure highest?

37. In what form do plants absorb minerals from soil?

38. Where do plants get most of their nutrients from?

39. Which nutrient is needed for chlorophyll formation?

40. Consider the following statements:
1. Transport of water and minerals in plants does not require energy.
2. Movement of food in plants uses energy.

Which is/are correct?

41. Which of the following is true about transpiration?

43. Which of the following is NOT a micronutrient for plants?

42. Which element helps keep cells turgid (swollen)?

44. What regulates the opening and closing of stomata?

45. Transpiration pull is related to—

46. What is the central part of the root and stem of plants where xylem and
phloem tissues are arranged in a special manner called?

47. The loss of water in liquid form as droplets from the edges of leaves is
known as—

48. What is the major role of root pressure and guttation in plants?

49. Which part of the plant helps in guttation?

50. When the amount of water absorbed exceeds the transpiration rate, the
plant becomes swollen. What is this condition called?

51. Which element helps in forming ATP during photosynthesis?

52. Which instrument is used to measure transpiration?

53. In which part of the plant does transpiration primarily occur?

54. In which condition does transpiration increase?

56. Which instrument measures breathing rate?

55. What is the main function of leaves?

57. Which element is needed for both photosynthesis and guttation?

58. In which direction does food transport occur in phloem?

59. What is the correct example of imbibition?

60. How many types of plastids are found in plants?

61. During hot summer days, water drops appear at the tips of leaves in the
morning. What is this phenomenon?

62. Consider the following statements:
1. Movement of water in xylem is upward only.
2. Movement of food in phloem can be both upward and downward.
Which statement(s) is/are correct?

63. Who discovered the circulatory system?

65. What is the average weight of a human heart?

64. Which of the following is NOT true about the human heart?

66. What is the name of the thin membrane covering the outer surface of the
heart?

67. Consider the following statements:
1. The upper part of the heart receives oxygenated blood.
2. The lower part of the heart pumps out blood.
Which is/are correct?

69. Where is the tricuspid valve found?

68. What is the muscular flap-like structure between atria and ventricles
called?

70. What is the function of the heart valves?

71. Consider the following statements:
1. Left atrium receives oxygenated blood.
2. Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood.
Which is/are correct?

72. Consider the following statements:
1. Veins carry blood from organs to the heart.
2. Veins with deoxygenated blood are called systemic veins.
3. The pulmonary vein is the only vein carrying oxygenated blood.
Which are correct?

73. What is the average human heart rate (beats per minute)?

74. Where are semilunar valves found?

75. Where does the pulmonary arch arise from?

76. Where does the aorta arise from?

77. What is the node located between the right atrium and the right ventricle,
controlling heartbeat?

78. Which heart chamber has the thickest wall?

79. The superior and inferior vena cava open into which part of the heart?

80. What is the normal blood pressure of a healthy person?

81. Blood pressure is—

82. What is pulse pressure?

83. Consider the following statements:
1. Blood pressure in arteries is higher than in veins.
2. Pressure in arteries increases more with heartbeat.

Which is/are correct?

84. During systole, what happens to blood pressure?

85. During diastole, blood pressure—

86. Where is pulse measured?

87. What is the pressure caused by heart contraction called?

88. How many atrioventricular valves are present in the human heart?

89. How long does it take for blood to complete one circulation?

90. Which instrument is used to measure blood pressure?

91. Which instrument is used to detect heart diseases?

92. ECG is used to measure the function of which organ?

93. Which process allows oxygen to diffuse from alveoli into the blood and
CO₂ to leave?

94. What is the normal systolic blood pressure?

96. What is the function of the heart in the human body?

95. Jarvik-7 is—

97. In an average lifetime, how many times does the human heart beat?

98. Which organ is responsible for producing heartbeat in humans?

99. Which statement is correct about the sound of the heartbeat?

100. Which device can be used to hear the heartbeat of a fetus?

101. What is the name of the process by which blood flows once through the
heart and then to the rest of the body?

102. During double circulation, how many times does blood pass through the
heart in one complete cycle?

103. How many atria are present in the heart?

104. What is the central pumping organ of the human body?

105. What is the other name for Pacemaker?

106. The heartbeat is controlled by—

107. The pacemaker system includes—

108. SA node is made of—

109. Which is the correct sequence of electrical impulse conduction from SA
node?

111. Which of the following statements is correct?

110. Which statements are correct?
1. The SA node regulates the heartbeat.
2. The SA node generates impulses that control the cardiac cycle.
3. SA node initiates and spreads electrical signals.

112. What is the function of various heart valves?

113. Consider the following statements:

1. A decrease in pH slows down the heartbeat.
2. An increase in pH accelerates the heartbeat.
Which of the above is/are correct?

115. In which direction does blood flow in veins?

114. In which direction does blood flow in arteries?

116. Where do portal veins carry blood?

117. Which controls the heartbeat?

118. Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood?

119. Where does the pulmonary vein open into the heart?

120. In which atrium does the vena cava open?

121. Which is NOT correct regarding arteries?

122. Consider the statements:
1. Pulmonary artery carries impure blood from heart to lungs.
2. Pulmonary vein carries pure blood from lungs to heart.
Which is/are correct?

123. Where is “blood cancer” produced?

124. Blood clotting is caused by—

125. Where does pulmonary artery originate?

126. Which blood vessel has thin walls and no valves?

127. Hepatic portal vein transports digested nutrients from intestines to—

128. What is the vessel that carries blood from body parts to the heart called?

129. What is the term for the process of blood being pumped out of the heart
to the body through the aorta?

130. Consider the following statements:

1. Pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from lungs to the heart.
2. Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from heart to the lungs.
Which of the above is/are correct?

131. What is the outermost layer of the heart called?

132. Which is the type of tissue that forms blood vessels?

133. What percentage of body weight is made up of blood in the human body?

134. What is the amount of oxygen present in 1 litre of blood?

Normally, 1 litre of blood contains about 200 ml (0.2 litre) of oxygen when fully oxygenated.

• Oxygen is mainly carried by hemoglobin in red blood cells.

• Each gram of hemoglobin can carry about 1.34 ml of oxygen.

• On average, blood contains about 15 g of hemoglobin per 100 ml.

• So, oxygen content ≈ 20 ml per 100 ml of blood.

• Therefore, in 1 litre (1000 ml) of blood, oxygen ≈ 200 ml (0.2 litre).

135. Due to presence of which component, blood is red and salty in taste?

136. What is the pH of human blood?

137. What percentage of plasma is water in the total blood volume?

138. Serum is defined as—

139. Blood is—

140. The maximum component in blood plasma is—

141. What percentage of plasma is water?

142. What is the percentage of protein in plasma?

143. Which proteins are found in plasma?

144. If all the clotting factors are removed from blood, what is the remaining fluid
called?

145. Consider the following statements:
1. Fibrinogen, globulin, and albumin are major proteins found in blood plasma.
2. Fibrinogen helps in blood clotting.
3. Albumin maintains osmotic balance.
Which of the above is/are correct?

147. What is the percentage of blood corpuscles (blood cells) in human blood?

146. Which protein plays an important role in blood clotting?

149. Central nucleus is absent in—

148. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

150. What is the life span of RBCs?

151. Under normal conditions (at high altitude), the number of RBCs—

152. What causes the red color of blood?

153. Hemoglobin is—

154. Function of hemoglobin in body is—

155. Main function of RBC is—

157. Which component helps in blood clotting?

156. When foreign substances enter the human body, which blood component
immediately acts?

158. Which WBC is highest in number in human blood?

159. Which WBC is the largest in size?

160. Which WBC produces antibodies to kill pathogens?

161. Which WBC plays an important role in allergic reactions?

162. In severe allergic reactions, which WBC increases most?

163. Which component is essential in blood clotting?

164. What is the normal hemoglobin level (per 100 ml) in a healthy male?

165. What is the normal hemoglobin level in healthy females per 100 ml blood?

166. Which blood cell type is the most numerous in blood (Blood corpuscles)?

167. Which WBC helps in fighting infections and foreign bodies like histamine,
serotonin, etc.?

168. Which body system is associated with the formation of lymph?

169. Which vitamin helps in blood clotting?

170. What is the normal body temperature of a human?

171. Functions of blood include—

172. Which cells help in transporting oxygen in blood?

173. What is the scientific name for red blood cells (RBCs)?

174. What is the scientific name for blood platelets?

175. Which deficiency causes blood to not clot properly?

176. Which juice is responsible for blood's salty taste?

177. Where are blood cells formed?

178. What is called the “blood bank” in the human body?

179. Which is the graveyard of RBCs?

180. Where are RBCs destroyed?

182. Blood platelets help in forming blood clot by releasing—

181. In a healthy human adult, how many WBCs are found per cubic mm of blood?

183. Fibrinogen is converted into fibrin by—

184. Where are neutrophils and lymphocytes formed?

185. Consider the following statements about hemoglobin:
1. It helps in carrying oxygen.
2. It gives red color to blood.
3. It reacts to carbon monoxide and forms carboxyhemoglobin.
4. It is found in red blood cells.
Which are true?

186. Which of the following is NOT present in blood plasma?

187. How many types of WBCs are there?

188. Which statement about blood platelets is correct?

189. Which blood cells increase during infection?

190. Main function of RBCs is—

191. Which components help in blood clotting?

1. Platelets
2. Prothrombin
3. Vitamin K
4. Calcium ions

192. Speed of blood flow is related to—

194. If the number of blood vessels in a person decreases, their blood pressure—

193. Function of pacemaker is—

195. Where is urea formed in the body?

196. What is the normal concentration of cholesterol in human blood?

197. What is the normal fasting blood sugar level in humans?

198. Consider the following:

1. Normal glucose level is 80–120 mg/100 ml of blood
2. Normal cholesterol is 150–200 mg/100 ml of blood
3. Normal blood urea is 18–38 mg/100 ml of blood

199. After how much time does bleeding stop after injury?

201. Consider the following statements:

1. Shape of RBCs is biconcave 2. Shape of WBCs is not fixed  3. Platelets are smallest blood cells

200. Which of the following is a clotting protein?

202. Discovery of blood groups is credited to—

203. In which year did Karl Landsteiner receive the Nobel Prize for his blood group
discovery?

204. Who discovered the ABO blood group system?

205. AB blood group—

206. Which blood group has no antigens?

207. Where are antigens found in the blood?

208. Where are antibodies found in the blood?

209. What is an antigen (Ag)?

210. Consider the following:

1. AB blood group contains both antigens. ✅
2. O blood group contains no antigens. ✅

212. Which blood group has no antibodies?

213. A person with blood group O can donate blood to people with—

214. A person with AB blood group can receive blood from—

211. What is the main function of antibodies?

215. A person with blood group O has which antigens?

216. A person with blood group AB can receive blood from—

217. Which blood groups contain antibodies?

218. The smallest blood vessel is—

219. A person with AB blood group—

220. What blood group is called the Universal Donor?

221. People with blood group ‘O’ are called Universal Donors because—

222. Which blood group is called the Universal Acceptor?