Micro-organism

Micro-organism

Micro-organism

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1. What do we call organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye and require a microscope to be seen?

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2. What is the resolving power of the human eye?

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3. Who invented the microscope?

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4. Who invented the compound microscope?

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5. Who invented the electron microscope?

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6. Who discovered Viroids?

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7. Which of the following statements about viroids is not true?

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8. What is a prion?

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9. Scrapie, a disease that affects the nervous system of sheep and goats, is caused by –

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10. What causes Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in humans?

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11– Consider the following statements:

1. PrPC prions do not cause disease.
2. PrPSc prions cause disease.
Which are correct?

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13. Abnormal prion proteins (‘prions’) exist in how many structural variants?

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14. What is the cause of BSE (Mad Cow Disease) in cattle?

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15. Who is called the “Father of Microbiology”?

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16. Consider the following statements:

1. All microorganisms are unicellular organisms.
2. Some multicellular organisms like worms are also classified as microorganisms.
3. Microorganisms are found in all environments including air, water, and soil.
Which of the above statements are correct?

 

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17. Which statement is not true about viruses?

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18. What is a virus outside the host cell called?

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19. In which plant did a virus first cause a disease?

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20. Who discovered that tobacco disease is caused by a virus and it is infectious?

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22. Virus is –

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21. The scientist who first crystallized viruses and proved they are non-living was –

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24. Genetic material of viruses can be –

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23. Consider the following statements:

1. Viruses do not have their own metabolism
2. Viruses can only reproduce inside living cells

Which statements are correct?

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25. Viruses do not cause diseases in which of the following?

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26. Who discovered that viruses can pass through filters?

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27. What are viruses made of?

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28. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) causes –

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29. What is the cause of AIDS?

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31. In which year was the AIDS virus first identified?

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30. AIDS spreads through –

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32. Which test diagnoses AIDS?

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33. HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy) and CART (Combination
Antiretroviral Therapy) are related to –

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34. When was the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) established in India?

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35. In which year did the Indian government start the National AIDS Control
Programme?

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36. Which of the following is a mosquito-borne viral disease?

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37. Which disease is not caused by viruses?

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38. Which of the following is related to Japanese Encephalitis?

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39. Which of the following is not a communicable disease?

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40. Viruses can grow in –

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41. Viruses are not considered fully living because –

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42. Why are viruses considered non-living?

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43. T.M.V. stands for –

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44. What is SARS?

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45. What causes Mosaic Disease in potato and sugarcane?

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46. Which of the following is a viral disease of plants?

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47. What is a virus?

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48. The unit for virus size is –

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49. The ‘Foot and Mouth Disease’ in cattle is caused by –

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50. The most dangerous disease 'Rabies' in humans is caused by –

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51. What causes Fowl Cholera in poultry?

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52. Which of the following diseases is caused by a viral infection?

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53. The bite of which animal causes rabies (hydrophobia)?

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54. Who discovered the rabies vaccine?

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55. What is a virus?

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56. In India, in how many forms is rabies observed?

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57. What is rabies?

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58. In which disease is the patient afraid of water (hydrophobia) and sunlight?

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59. Which disease is caused by bacteria?

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60. Bird flu is caused by which virus?

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61. Swine flu is caused by which virus?

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62. What is the medical use of Oseltamivir?

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63. Which drug is used most commonly for AIDS virus?

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64. Which microorganism causes Hepatitis B?

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65. Select the viral diseases:

1. Chickenpox
2. Cholera
3. Tuberculosis

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66. Choose the correct statements:

1. Microbes can cause infectious diseases.
2. Non-infectious diseases are not caused by microbes.

 

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67. Monkey fever is caused by –

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68. Which virus group causes AIDS?

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69. Choose the correct statements about AIDS transmission:

1. Through sexual contact
2. From mother to fetus
3. Through unsterile injections
4. Through placenta

 

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70. What causes Polio?

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71. The Sabin vaccine is related to which disease?

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72. On which of the following diseases do antibiotics have no effect?

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73. Yellowing of eyes and white parts of the body is a symptom of which disease?

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74. In which of the following diseases do medicines only treat the symptoms
but not the root cause of the disease?

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75. The bird flu virus belongs to which category?

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76. What is a vaccine?

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77. Can infected blood, semen, and body fluids spread disease?

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78. Which disease can be controlled by vaccination?

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79. Which of the following statements is not true?

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80. Which of the following is not spread by mosquitoes?

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81. What causes smallpox?

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82. Which of the following pairs is NOT correct?

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83. In jaundice or hepatitis, which part of the body is affected?

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84. Consider the statements below:

1. Hepatitis B is a blood-borne infection.
2. Hepatitis B can spread through food and water.

 

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85. What is the purpose of vaccination?

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86. Which disease does boiling drinking water help prevent in rural areas?

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87. Which system helps track the spread of diseases?

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88. “Catch them and isolate them” is related to which disease prevention
program?

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89. What deficiency occurs in the human body due to dengue fever?

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91. Zika virus mainly affects which part of the human body?

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90. Zika virus is transmitted by which mosquito?

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92. What do you understand by the word epidemic?

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93. What is bacteriophage?

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94. What does a bacteriophage contain?

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95. According to WHO, which group is most at risk of HIV/AIDS?

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96. For which disease did the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare initiate
the Test and Treat policy?

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97. AIDS is caused by which virus?

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98. Who developed the polio vaccine?

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99. What is the full form of ELISA?

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100. What is common among AIDS, cholera, and polio?

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101. Who discovered microorganisms?

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102. Which is the smallest living organism recognized?

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103. What do microorganisms help decompose in nature?

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104. Microbiology is the study of:

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105. Which decade was the first successful antibiotic discovered?

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107. Plants are considered living organisms because—

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106. Which of the following statements is true?

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108. Which of the following is correct about microorganisms?

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109. Which of the following is not found in prokaryotic cells?

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110. Consider the following statements about microorganisms:

1. Microorganisms are larger than viruses.
2. Microorganisms cannot pass through filters that viruses can pass.
Which statement(s) is/are correct?

 

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111. What kind of DNA is found in bacteria?

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112. What is the common shape of bacteria?

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113. Bacteria with a spiral shape are called?

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114. Rod-shaped bacteria are called—

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115. The smallest shaped bacteria are called—

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116. What is the name of a single-celled organism?

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117. Who discovered bacterial cells?

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118. What is absent in bacterial cells?

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119. Which of the following has the highest reproductive rate?

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120. The light energy-using bacteria are called—

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121. Which bacteria are used in photosynthesis experiments?

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122. What is the role of microorganisms in health?

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123. What are nitrogen-fixing bacteria called?

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124. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are:

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125. Which plant organ houses nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

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126. Which organism is considered the simplest living organism?

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127. Bacteria that live freely in soil and air and fix nitrogen are called—

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128. Nodules containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria are found in—

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129. Root nodules are found—

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130. Which crop gets help from nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

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131. Which of the following is a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing organism?

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132. What is the role of leghemoglobin in nitrogen fixation?

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133. Why can organisms not survive in high-salt environments?

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134. What helps in soil fertility?

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135. Why are microorganisms considered plants?

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136. Bacteria that appear hairy under the microscope are referred to as:

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137. Where are heterotrophs found?

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138. Which of the following organisms is known as PPLO?

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139. What is the difference between gram-positive and gram-negative
bacteria?

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140. Rickettsia belongs to which group?

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141. What are cyanobacteria and blue-green algae generally known as?

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142. Which bacterium is found in the human intestine?

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143. Food spoilage is caused by—

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144. Which microbe increases milk production in cows?

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145. Which of the following is the most common soil microorganism?

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146. Which part of the plough is used to destroy weeds?

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147. When bacteria are grown on nutrient-rich substances to make useful
products, it is called—

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148. Cyanobacteria are used as bio-fertilizers in—

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149. Which of the following is a free-living nitrogen-fixing organism?

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150. Which of the following is a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing organism?

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151. Which group of organisms is commonly found in sewage gas production?

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152. The structure formed by microorganisms like a net on the surface of
fruits or plants is called:

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153. Which bacteria are used in the production of root nodules in legumes?

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154. Which bacteria are used in vinegar production?

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155. Which organisms are known as actinomycetes?

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156. Who discovered Mycoplasma?

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157. Which of the following organisms is responsible for disease?

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158. At what age is the BCG vaccine given?

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159. Which of the following diseases is not caused by bacteria?

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160. Which vaccine is given to protect children from six diseases under DPT
(Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus)?

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162. Which microorganism causes plague?

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161. Which microorganism causes leprosy?

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163. Multidrug therapy (MDT) provides protection against which disease?

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164. What causes AIDS?

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165. Which of the following causes tetanus?

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166. What causes meningitis or stiff neck disease?

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167. Which test can be used to detect tuberculosis?

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168. What is Black Death?

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169. Citrus canker is caused by which microorganism?

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171. Which disease is prevented by the tetanus vaccine?

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170. What causes fire blight in apples and pears?

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172. Which of the following produces the antibiotic erythromycin?

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173. Tuberculosis (T.B) is caused by:

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174. Which of the following organisms lacks a definite nucleus (prokaryotic)?

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175. Which of the following is not a contagious disease?

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176. Which of the following is a communicable disease?

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177. The TAB vaccine can prevent which disease?

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178. How does Tuberculosis (T.B) usually spread?

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179. Which one is the function of hemoglobin in a human body?

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180. Which of the following vaccines is not used in India’s immunization
program?

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181. What is the meaning of infection?

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182. Which vaccine is given in the following time sequence:
½, ½, 1, and 1½ months?

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183. Which microorganism causes pneumonia, affecting primarily the lungs?

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184. In which disease is Azithromycin (an antibiotic) used?

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185. Which disease is related to the Coronavirus?

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186. Which of the following is a disease caused by protozoa?

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187. Which of the following is not a viral disease?

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188. What is a vaccine?

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189. What is the main cause of dysentery?

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190. Antibiotics are mainly obtained from:

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191. Which organism is found specifically in water?

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192. Which organism is most essential in purifying dirty water?

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194. Which bacteria is used in the production of curd?

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193. Which of the following is not a nitrogen-fixing microorganism?

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196. What is the other name of Trypanosoma?

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195. Where are nif genes found?

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197. In which organ of a mosquito does the malaria parasite grow?

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198. Which organisms cause rot in both fruits and vegetables?

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199. What is the active organ of Euglena?

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202. Which group does slime mold belong to?

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201. What do we call organisms that show both animal and plant
characteristics?

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203. Which of the following are protozoans?

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204. In which class does the protozoan Paramecium belong?

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205. Main part of Paramecium is:

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206. Which protozoan causes malaria?

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207. Plasmodium completes its life cycle in:

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208. Which organism completes the life cycle of Plasmodium?

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209. Which Plasmodium species causes malignant malaria?

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210. Rapid malaria fever along with chills is a sign of:

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211. What is the stage called when Plasmodium infects the human liver?

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212. Who discovered that malaria spreads through mosquito bites?

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213. Which stage of Plasmodium is transferred from mosquito to human?

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215. Which part of the body is affected by malaria?

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214. Which Plasmodium causes the most serious form of malaria?

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216. What is not common between malaria and dengue?

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217. What are mosquitoes that spread diseases called?

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218. Which of the following causes acute gastrointestinal infection?

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219. What is the most common antibiotic treatment for bacterial infection in
humans?

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220. Which protozoa causes Kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis)?

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221. Kala-azar is transmitted by the bite of which insect?

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222. Which protozoan causes sleeping sickness?

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223. Which protozoan spreads via tsetse fly?

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224. Which protozoa need two hosts to complete their life cycle?

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225. Where is Entamoeba histolytica found in the human body?

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226. Which is the correct pair of free-living or parasitic protozoa?

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227. What is the dormant stage of Entamoeba histolytica called?

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228. Which protozoa do not have a fixed shape and change constantly?

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229. Which is the active part of amoeba?

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230. What is the main function of pseudopodia in amoeba?

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231. In which group are Plasmodium and Entamoeba classified?

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232. Which disease-causing protozoa lives in human intestine?

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233. Which protozoa can perform photosynthesis?

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234. Which of the following are photosynthetic protists?

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235. What is the function of contractile vacuole in protozoa?

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236. What is another name for photosynthetic protist Diatom?

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238. Which test is used to detect typhoid?

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List-I                                      List-II
1. Kala-azar                A. Entamoeba
2. Sleeping sickness  B. Trypanosoma
3. Amoebiasis        C. Plasmodium
4. Malaria          D. Leishmania

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239. Which of the following causes AIDS?

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240. What are unicellular, microscopic living organisms called?

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241. What is the study of protozoa called?

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242. Which of the following are non-green, non-flowering, non-seed plants?

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243. What type of nutrition is found in fungi?

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244. What kind of cells are all fungi?

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245. Which statement is incorrect?

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246. What is food stored as in fungi?

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247. In what form do fungi store reserve food?

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248. Fungal cell walls are made of:

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249. Fungal cell walls do not contain:

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250. Which of the following is a unicellular fungus?

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251. What is mushroom?

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252. Which microorganism is used in making bread (roti, naan)?

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253. Why does bread become fluffy when baked?

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254. Who discovered the fungal origin of antibiotics?

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255. Who discovered Penicillin?

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256. Where is Penicillium fungus found naturally?

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257. From which Penicillium species was Alexander Fleming's first antibiotic
Penicillin obtained?

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258. What was the first discovered antibiotic?

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259. From which organism is the anti-rabies vaccine obtained?

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260. Who discovered the streptomycin antibiotic?

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261. Which of the following is not true about fungi?

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262. In which of the following is chlorophyll absent?

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263. What are the dark patches on bread called due to fungi?

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265. From which fungus is Ergot obtained?

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264. What is the name of the fungal growth on cow dung?

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266. From which fungus is LSD obtained?

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267. Which organism produces aflatoxin (a deadly poison)?

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268. Which fungus is edible?

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269. What is mushroom?

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270. What is "Food Chain" in ecology?

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271. In which fungi are high-yielding hybrid varieties developed?

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272. Penicillium fungus is used in the production of:

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273. How does yeast reproduce?

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274. Which organism is used in the production of Vitamin A & Antibiotics?

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277. What is the disease of wheat caused by fungi?

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276. Which group of fungi is called club fungi?

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275. What is used for solid waste decomposition in human dwellings?

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278. Which type of reproduction occurs in disease-causing fungi?

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279. What is the cause of late blight disease in potato?

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280. What is the cause of red rot disease of sugarcane?

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281. What is the cause of tetanus disease?

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282. Which fungus is responsible for tetanus-causing toxin production?

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283. Which of the following is used to produce red pigment?

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284. Which disease is caused by protozoa?

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285. What causes eye flu or conjunctivitis?

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286. From which Greek word is the term "Carcinoma" derived?

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287. Which cancer is also known as blood cancer?

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288. Which test is done to diagnose cancer?

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289. What is the medical term for excessive blood flow?

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291. What is the cause of cancer?

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292. Which of the following is not a special method of cancer treatment?

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290. Which cancer causes the most deaths?

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293. Which class of antibodies gives passive immunity?

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294. Which antibody is formed during an allergy?

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295. Which immunoglobulin is found in tears, saliva, and milk?

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296. Which antibody has the largest molecular size?

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297. Which antibody is produced first during any immune response?

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298. In allergies:

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299. From where are lymphocytes formed?

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300. Where is B lymphocyte formed?

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301. Which is the smallest living organism?

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302. Who coined the term "Protista"?

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