CLICK HERE TO START TEST Directive Principle of State Policy

1 / 52

राज्य नीति के निदेशक तत्वों का उल्लेख संविधान के किस भाग में है?
In which part of the Constitution are the Directive Principles of State Policy mentioned?

(a) Part 5

(b) Part 4

(d) Part 6

2 / 52

राज्य के नीति निदेशक तत्वों का विचार कहाँ से लिया गया है?
From which country was the idea of Directive Principles of State Policy borrowed?

(a) Constitution of Canada

(b) Constitution of America

(d) Constitution of Ireland

3 / 52

भारतीय संविधान में नीति-निदेशक तत्व को आयरलैंड के संविधान से अधिग्रहित किया गया था। आयरलैंड के संविधान में नीति-निदेशक तत्व को किस देश के संविधान से अधिग्रहित किया गया था?
The Directive Principles were taken from the Irish Constitution. From which country's constitution did Ireland borrow these principles?

(a) Canada

(b) Spain

(d) Russia

4 / 52

निम्नलिखित में से किसने नीति-निदेशक तत्व को 'विशेषता' वाला बताया?
Who among the following described the Directive Principles as a "Novel Feature" of the Constitution?

(a) Dr. Ambedkar

(b) Granville Austin

(d) B.N. Rau

5 / 52

(a) Dr. Ambedkar

(b) Granville Austin

(d) B.N. Rau

6 / 52

किसने निदेशक तत्व और अधिकारों को 'संविधान की मूल आत्मा' कहा है?
Who described the Directive Principles and Fundamental Rights as the "Conscience (Soul) of the Constitution"?

(a) Dr. Ambedkar

(b) Granville Austin

(d) B.N. Rau

7 / 52

Consider the following statements:
1. The phrase "Directive Principles of State Policy" makes it clear that the State shall keep these principles in mind while framing policies and laws.
2. According to Article 36, the term "State" in Part IV has the same meaning as it does in Part III (Fundamental Rights).

(a) Only 1

(b) Only 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

8 / 52

निम्नलिखित में से किस विचारक के अनुसार निदेशक तत्व उन्हीं अनुदेशों के समान हैं, जो भारत शासन अधिनियम, 1935 के अंतर्गत ब्रिटिश सरकार द्वारा गवर्नर जनरल और भारत की औपनिवेशिक कॉलोनियों के गवर्नरों को जारी किये जाते थे?
According to which thinker are the Directive Principles similar to the "Instruments of Instructions" issued to the Governor General and Governors under the Government of India Act, 1935?

(a) Dr. Ambedkar

(b) Jyotiba Phule

(d) Rajni Kothari

9 / 52

राज्य के नीति-निदेशक तत्वों का उद्देश्य है-
The objective of the Directive Principles of State Policy is:

(a) Establishment of high ideals of justice

(b) Establishment of liberty

(d) All of these

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राज्य के नीति-निदेशक तत्व किस लोकतंत्र की स्थापना नहीं करता है?
Which type of democracy do the Directive Principles of State Policy NOT establish?

(a) Political

(b) Economic

(d) None of these

11 / 52

िम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए:
1. निदेशक-तत्वों की प्रकृति गैर-न्यायोचित है।
2. उनके हनन पर न्यायालय द्वारा लागू नहीं किया जा सकता है।
Consider the following statements:
1. The nature of Directive Principles is non-justiciable.
2. They cannot be enforced by the courts if they are violated.

(a) Only 1

(b) Only 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

12 / 52

Consider the following statements:
1. The classification of Directive Principles into three parts has been done by the Constitution itself.
2. They are divided into three broad categories: Socialistic, Gandhian, and Liberal-Intellectual.

(a) Only 1

(b) Only 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

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संविधान के किस अनुच्छेद में यह उल्लेख है कि निदेशक-तत्व देश के शासन में मूलभूत हैं और विधि बनाने में इन तत्वों को लागू करना राज्य का कर्तव्य होगा?
Which Article of the Constitution states that the Directive Principles are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws?

(a) Article 32

(b) Article 37

(d) Article 40

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In which Article of the Constitution is the provision to ensure a social order for the promotion of public welfare and to eliminate inequalities in income, status, facilities, and opportunities mentioned?

(a) Article 48

(b) Article 38

(d) Article 37

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पोषाहार स्तर और जीवन को ऊँचा करना तथा लोक स्वास्थ्य का सुधार करने संबंधी प्रावधान का उल्लेख संविधान के अनुच्छेद 47 में है। निम्नलिखित में इसे नीति निदेशक तत्व के किस सिद्धांत के अंतर्गत रखा गया है?
The provision regarding raising the level of nutrition and standard of living and improving public health is mentioned in Article 47. Under which principle of Directive Principles is this placed?

(a) Gandhian Principle

(b) Liberal-Intellectual Principle

(d) None of these

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समान न्याय एवं गरीबों को निःशुल्क विधिक सहायता उपलब्ध कराने से संबंधी प्रावधान का उल्लेख संविधान के अनुच्छेद में है-
The provision related to providing equal justice and free legal aid to the poor is mentioned in which Article of the Constitution?

(a) 39

(b) [39A]

(d) 44

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Article 41 is related to-

(a) Right to work

(b) Right to education

(d) All of these

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काम की न्यायसंगत और मानवोचित दशाओं तथा प्रसूति सहायता का उपबंध का प्रधान संविधान के किस अनुच्छेद में है?
In which Article of the Constitution is the provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief mentioned?

(a) 44

(b) 42

(d) 46

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Article 43A is related to-

(a) Public health

(b) Free legal aid

(d) All of these

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सभी कर्मकारों के लिए निर्वाह मजदूरी शिष्ट जीवन स्तर तथा सामाजिक सांस्कृतिक अवसर से संबंधित प्रावधान का उल्लेख संविधान के किस अनुच्छेद में है?
In which Article of the Constitution is the provision regarding a living wage, a decent standard of life, and social and cultural opportunities for all workers mentioned?

(a) 44

(b) 43(k) [43A]

(d) 43

21 / 52

ग्राम पंचायतों का गठन और उन्हें आवश्यक शक्तियों से संबंधित प्रावधान को नीति-निदेशक तत्व के किस सिद्धांत के अंतर्गत रखा गया है?
Under which principle of Directive Principles is the provision regarding the organization of Village Panchayats and providing them necessary powers placed?

(a) Gandhian

(b) Socialistic

(d) Nehruvian

22 / 52

Article 43 is related to-

(a) Organization of Village Panchayats

(b) Establishment of cottage industries

(d) All of these

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नीति-निदेशक तत्व के किस अनुच्छेद में अनुसूचित जाति एवं जनजाति और समाज के कमजोर वर्गों के शैक्षणिक एवं आर्थिक हितों के प्रोत्साहन और शोषण से सुरक्षा संबंधी प्रावधान का उल्लेख है?
Which Article of Directive Principles mentions the promotion of educational and economic interests of SCs, STs, and weaker sections and their protection from exploitation?

(a) 46

(b) 47

(d) 49

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Article 51 of the Constitution is related to-

(a) Environmental protection

(b) International peace

(d) Separation of powers

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गाय, बछड़ा व अन्य दुधारू पशुओं की बलि पर रोक संबंधित प्रावधान का उल्लेख संविधान के अनुच्छेद 48 में है। निम्नलिखित में इसे नीति-निदेशक के किस सिद्धांत के अंतर्गत रखा गया है?
The provision regarding the prohibition of the slaughter of cows, calves, and other milch animals is in Article 48. Under which principle of Directive Principles is this placed?

(a) Socialistic Principle

(b) Marxian Principle

(d) Liberal-Intellectual Principle

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Article 47 is related to-

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In which Article of the Constitution is the Uniform Civil Code for all states of India mentioned?

(a) 40

(b) 46

(d) 45

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भारत में समान सिविल संहिता की माँग पर निम्नलिखित में से किसका प्रभाव दिखाई देता है?
Whose influence is visible in the demand for a Uniform Civil Code in India?

(a) Marxian

(b) Liberalism

(d) Nationalist

29 / 52

Article 45 is related to-

(a) Free and compulsory education

(b) Environmental protection

(d) Organization of Panchayats

30 / 52

कृषि और पशुपालन को आधुनिक और वैज्ञानिक प्रणालियों से करने से संबंधी प्रावधान संविधान के किस अनुच्छेद में है?
In which Article of the Constitution is the provision for organizing agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines?

(a) 48

(b) 46

(d) 47

31 / 52

भारतीय संविधान के अनुच्छेद 48 में उल्लिखित पर्यावरण का संरक्षण तथा संवर्द्धन पर किस विचारधारा का प्रभाव दृष्टिगोचर होता है?
Which ideology's influence is visible in the protection and improvement of the environment mentioned in Article 48A (referred to as 48 in the )?

(a) Gandhian

(b) Communist

(d) Lohiyaist

32 / 52

Article 49 is related to-

(a) Living wage for all workers

(b) Protection of monuments and places of national importance

(d) None of these

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भारतीय संविधान के किस अनुच्छेद में शक्ति का पृथक्करण से संबंधित है?
Which Article of the Indian Constitution is related to the separation of powers?

(a) 50

(b) 51

(d) 48

34 / 52

Article 51 of the Constitution is related to-

(a) Free legal aid

(b) Right to get work

(d) None of these

35 / 52

संविधान का अनुच्छेद 51 पर किस विचारधारा का प्रभाव दृष्टिपात होता है?
Which ideology's influence is seen in Article 51 of the Constitution?

(a) Liberalist

(b) Marxian

(d) Internationalist

36 / 52

Which of the following new elements were added to the original list of Directive Principles by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment?

(a) Provision regarding free legal aid

(b) Protection of healthy development opportunities for children

(d) Environmental protection

a b d

37 / 52

Consider the following statements:
The provision regarding workers' participation in the management of industries (43A) was added by the 42nd Amendment, 1976.
The provision related to environmental protection was added by the 44th Amendment.
Which statement(s) is/are correct?

(a) Only 1

(b) Only 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

38 / 52

By which Constitutional Amendment was the provision to eliminate inequality in income, status, and opportunities added?

(a) 42nd

(b) 86th

(d) 24th

39 / 52

Match the following:
(A) Promotion of cooperative societies (iv) 43B
(B) Participation of workers in management (i) 43A
(C) Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State (iii) 39
(D) Environmental protection (ii) 48A

(d) A-iv, B-i, C-iii, D-ii

40 / 52

Which person recommended that individual rights should be divided into two categories: Justiciable and Non-Justiciable?

(a) B.N. Rau

(b) Pandit Nehru

(d) Harold Laski

41 / 52

Who stated that a government responsible to popular will cannot ignore the mentioned provisions (DPSP)?

(a) T. T. Krishnamachari

(b) Mahatma Gandhi

(d) Alladi Krishnaswami Iyer

42 / 52

निम्नलिखित में से नीति-निदेशक तत्व के बारे में यह किसने कहा कि 'लोकप्रिय मत पर कार्य करने वाली सरकार इसके लिए नीति बनाते समय निदेशक तत्वों की अवहेलना नहीं कर सकती है'?
Regarding Directive Principles, who said: "A government which rests on popular vote can hardly ignore the Directive Principles while shaping its policy"?

(a) Baba Saheb (Dr. B.R. Ambedkar)

(b) Pandit Nehru

(d) Anil Agrawal

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निम्नलिखित में से किन कारणों से संविधान निर्माताओं ने निदेशक सिद्धांतों को गैर-न्यायोचित एवं विधि रूप से लागू करने की बाध्यता वाला नहीं बनाया क्योंकि?
For which of the following reasons did the makers of the Constitution make the Directive Principles non-justiciable and not legally binding?

(a) The country lacked sufficient financial resources to implement them.

(b) Widespread diversity and backwardness in the country.

(d) All of the above.

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निम्नलिखित में से किस आधार पर नीति-निदेशक तत्व की आलोचना की जाती है?
On which of the following grounds are the Directive Principles of State Policy criticized?

(a) No legal force

(b) Illogical arrangement

(d) All of the above

45 / 52

निम्नलिखित में से किस व्यक्ति ने नीति-निदेशक तत्व को 'अतिरेक कर्मकांडी' और 'ब्लैंक चेक' से तुलना किया है?
Which person compared the Directive Principles to 'superfluous ritual' and a 'blank check'?

(a) T. T. Krishnamachari

(b) K. T. Shah

(d) B. N. Rau

46 / 52

निम्नलिखित में से किस व्यक्ति ने नीति-निदेशक तत्व को भावनाओं का स्थायी कूड़ाघर कहा है?
Which person called the Directive Principles a "permanent dustbin of sentiments"?

(a) K. T. Shah

(b) T. T. Krishnamachari

(d) Ivor Jennings

47 / 52

किसने निदेशक तत्व को लक्ष्य एवं आकांक्षाओं का घोषणा पत्र कहा और इन्हें धार्मिक उपदेश बताया?
Who called the Directive Principles a manifesto of aims and aspirations and described them as moral precepts?

(a) K. T. Shah

(b) Ivor Jennings

(d) T. T. Dutta

48 / 52

Who described the Directive Principles as "pious superfluities" (ritualistic)?

(a) Ivor Jennings

(b) K. C. Wheare

(d) T. T. Dutta

49 / 52

निम्नलिखित में से किस वाद में उच्चतम न्यायालय ने यह व्यवस्था दी कि मूल अधिकार एवं निदेशक सिद्धांतों के बीच टकराव में मूल अधिकार प्रभावी होंगे?
In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court rule that in a conflict between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles, Fundamental Rights would prevail?

(a) Shankari Prasad case

(b) Champakam Dorairajan case

(d) Kesavananda case

50 / 52

Consider the following statements:
1. Fundamental Rights are violable in nature.
2. Fundamental Rights cannot be amended to implement Directive Principles.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?

(a) Only 1

(b) Only 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

51 / 52

Consider the following statements:
1. Fundamental Rights are negative in character, while Directive Principles are positive.
2. Fundamental Rights promote individual welfare, while Directive Principles promote the welfare of the community.

(a) Only 1

(b) Only 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

52 / 52

किस वाद में उच्चतम न्यायालय ने यह व्यवस्था दी कि 'भारतीय संविधान मूल अधिकारों और निदेशक तत्वों के बीच संतुलन के रूप में है' ?
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that "The Indian Constitution is founded on the bedrock of the balance between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles"?

(a) Maneka Gandhi case

(b) Minerva Mills case

(d) All of these

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Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP): Complete Notes & MCQs for SSC, UPSC & State PCS

Hello Aspirants! Welcome to this comprehensive and exam-oriented guide on the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP). Whether you are preparing for SSC CGL, Railway NTPC, State PCS, or UPSC exams, DPSP is a high-weightage and recurring topic in the Indian Polity section.

In simple words, DPSPs are the “guidelines” or “instructions” given to the Central and State governments to keep in mind while framing laws and policies. Their primary aim is to establish a Welfare State in India.

1. Basic Facts of DPSP (Quick Revision Points)

Part of Constitution: Part IV
Articles: Article 36 to 51
Borrowed From: Ireland (The Irish Constitution of 1937, which originally copied it from the Spanish Constitution).
Nature: Non-justiciable (You cannot go to court if the government fails to implement them).
Important Committee: The Tej Bahadur Sapru Committee (1945) recommended dividing individual rights into two distinct categories: Justiciable (Fundamental Rights) and Non-justiciable (DPSP).
Special Mentions: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar called them the “Novel Features” of the Indian Constitution. They closely resemble the “Instrument of Instructions” enumerated in the Government of India Act of 1935.

2. Classification of DPSP

The Constitution of India does not formally classify DPSPs. However, based on their content and direction, they are broadly divided into three categories:

Socialistic Principles: Aim to reduce inequality, provide social & economic justice, and set the path towards a welfare state. (Articles 38, 39, 39A, 41, 42, 43, 43A, 47)
Gandhian Principles: Based on Mahatma Gandhi’s ideology and reconstruction program championed during the national movement. (Articles 40, 43, 43B, 46, 47, 48)
Liberal-Intellectual Principles: Focus on modern, scientific, and progressive thoughts. (Articles 44, 45, 48, 48A, 49, 50, 51)

3. Most Important Articles for Competitive Exams

Article 39A: Equal justice and free legal aid to the poor.
Article 40: Organization of Village Panchayats (Highly repeated in SSC & Railway exams).
Article 44: Uniform Civil Code (UCC) for the citizens throughout the country.
Article 45: Provision for early childhood care and education for children below the age of 6 years.
Article 48A: Protection and improvement of environment, forests, and wildlife.
Article 50: Separation of the Judiciary from the Executive.
Article 51: Promotion of international peace and security.

4. Important Constitutional Amendments Related to DPSP

Examiners love asking about provisions added later via amendments. Memorize these:

42nd Amendment Act (1976): Added four new DPSPs to the list: Articles 39(f), 39A, 43A, and 48A.
44th Amendment Act (1978): Added Article 38(2), which requires the State to minimize inequalities in income, status, facilities, and opportunities.
86th Amendment Act (2002): Changed the subject matter of Article 45 and made elementary education a Fundamental Right under Article 21A.
97th Amendment Act (2011): Added Article 43B regarding the promotion of Co-operative Societies.

5. Common Exam Traps & Confusing Points 🚨

Trap 1: “DPSPs are enforceable in a court of law.”
- Correction: False! They are strictly non-justiciable (Article 37).
Trap 2: “DPSP establishes Political Democracy.”
- Correction: False! Fundamental Rights establish Political Democracy, whereas DPSPs establish Social and Economic Democracy.
Trap 3: Article 45 vs. Article 21A.
- Correction: Article 21A is a Fundamental Right ensuring education for children aged 6 to 14 years. Article 45 is a DPSP directing the state to provide early childhood care for children below 6 years.
Trap 4: DPSP vs. Fundamental Duties.
- Correction: DPSP (Part IV) are duties of the State. Fundamental Duties (Part IVA) are duties of the Citizens.

6. Exam Relevance: How Questions are Framed

SSC / Railway / One-Day Exams: Focus heavily on direct factual data. They will ask you to match the Article number with its provision (e.g., “Which Article talks about the separation of judiciary from the executive?”).
State PCS & UPSC Prelims: Focus on conceptual clarity. Questions revolve around the Sapru Committee, ideological classifications (identifying which principle is Gandhian vs. Socialistic), and the exact amendments that added specific DPSPs.

7. Practice MCQs (Test Your Knowledge)

Q1. From which country’s constitution was the concept of Directive Principles of State Policy borrowed?

A) USA

B) UK

C) Ireland

D) Australia

Answer: C) Ireland

Explanation: India borrowed DPSP from the Irish Constitution of 1937, which had originally copied it from the Spanish Constitution.

Q2. Which of the following Articles directs the State to organize Village Panchayats?

A) Article 39

B) Article 40

C) Article 42

D) Article 44

Answer: B) Article 40

Explanation: Article 40 is a Gandhian principle that instructs the State to organize village panchayats and endow them with necessary powers.

Q3. The 42nd Amendment Act (1976) added which of the following Directive Principles?

A) Uniform Civil Code

B) Organization of agriculture and animal husbandry

C) Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife

D) Promotion of international peace

Answer: C) Protection and improvement of environment…

Explanation: Article 48A (protection of environment) was added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976.

Q4. Which committee is known for making the first distinction between justiciable and non-justiciable rights in Indian constitutional history?

A) Swaran Singh Committee

B) Balwant Rai Mehta Committee

C) Tej Bahadur Sapru Committee

D) Kothari Commission

Answer: C) Tej Bahadur Sapru Committee

Explanation: The Sapru Committee Report (1945) suggested dividing individual rights into justiciable (Fundamental Rights) and non-justiciable (DPSP) categories.

Q5. What is the main objective behind the inclusion of Directive Principles of State Policy in the Constitution?

A) To establish a secular state

B) To establish political democracy

C) To establish social and economic democracy

D) To check the arbitrary powers of the government

Answer: C) To establish social and economic democracy

Explanation: While Fundamental Rights ensure political democracy, the primary goal of DPSP is to realize the ideals of a welfare state by establishing social and economic democracy.

8. Short Revision Summary

Feature	Details to Remember
Location	Part IV, Articles 36-51
Source	Ireland
Nature	Non-justiciable, positive instructions to the State
Objective	Welfare State, Social & Economic Democracy
Key Additions	42nd CAA (1976), 44th CAA (1978), 86th CAA (2002), 97th CAA (2011)
Key Articles	40 (Panchayats), 44 (UCC), 50 (Judiciary & Executive separation)